Index C

cache model

Cache | Cache

calibration

Recording in a studio | Microphone | Recording procedure | Recommendations on the recording | Reference channels | Recommendations on reproducibility | Assessment purpose versus methodology | Reference methods | Specific calibrated databases | Specific calibrated databases | Addition of noise | Reference systems | Reference systems | Human calibration | Human calibration | Recommendations

call tracking

Statistical tools

call volume

System dimension configuration

candid microphone speech

Clandestine microphone recordings | Clandestine microphone recordings | Clandestine microphone recordings

canned speech/text

Speech synthesis | Canned speech\indexcanned speech/text | Canned speech | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Idiomatic information | What are speech output | Segmental tests | Definitions | Subject variables | Recommendations on prompt design

canonical form

Orthographic identity and phonetic | Orthographic transcription as the | List of recommendations | Spoken language and written | Spoken language and written | Spoken language and written | Spoken language and written | Stem and morph lexica | Background | Background | Background

canonical inflected form

Kinds of lexical unit | Stem and morph lexica | Stem and morph lexica | Stem and morph lexica | The notion of ``lexical | Recommendations on types of

canonical phonemic representation

Introduction | Recommendations on types of

canonical pronunciation

Spoken language and written | Pronunciation information | Pronunciation information

capability profile

Introduction | System capability profile\indexcapability profile | System capability profile versus | Capability profile versus requirement | Capability profile versus requirement | Experimental design of small

carrier phrase/sentence

Canned speech | Canned speech | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Read aloud isolated sentences | Read aloud isolated sentences | Read aloud isolated sentences | Read aloud isolated sentences | Recording in a studio | Description of recording conditions | Diagnostic methods with a | Assessment parameters | What are speech output | SAM Prosodic Form

CART (Classification And Regression Trees)

Factorial experiments and corpus | Types of language models | Equivalence histories and word

categorical estimation method

Test procedures | Test procedures | Test procedures | Recommendations on choice of | Judgment laboratory tests | Judgment laboratory tests | Judgment laboratory tests | Judgment laboratory tests | Judgment laboratory tests | Relationships among tests | Relationships among tests | SAM Overall Quality | SAM Overall Quality | ITU-T Overall Quality Test

CCITT

Speech recordingstorage, and | Speech recordingstorage, and | Linguistic part | Linguistic part | Specification and design

cell

Analysis of Variance design | Specific calibrated databases

CFA

see Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)

channel

Spoken Language corpus collection | Physical characterisation and description | Speaker dependency | Speech training material | Channel adaptation/Environment adaptation | Channel adaptation/Environment adaptation | Task/Application adaptation | Microphone interfaces | Telephone interfaces | Telephone interfaces | Signal-to-noise ratio | Response time | Response time | Speech processing boards | Connectivity | Real-time aspects | Real-time aspects | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Speaker recognition/verification | Channel conditions | Channel conditions | Read aloud isolated sentences | Data collection dimensions | Recording on location | Read speech recordings | Monitoring and validation | Multi-channel recording | Ultrasound imaging | Equipment | Equipment | Equipment | Equipment | Equipment | Equipment | Microphone | Microphone | Recording device | The communication chain | The communication chain | The communication chain | Recording chain characteristics | Reproducibility assurance procedures | References and standards | Reference channels | Reference channels | Recommendations on reproducibility | Recommendations on reproducibility | Modification of speech parameters | Signal contamination | Psycholinguistic metrics | Acoustic-based measures | Speech quality and conditions | Speech quality and conditions | Post-production parameters | Unrestricted text-independent systems | Speech quality | Recommendations | Transformation of speech databases | Typology of applications | Alternative techniques | Recommendations | What are speech output | Human vs. automated | Predicting field performance from | Variables in spoken WOZ | Communication channel variables | Communication channel variables | WOZ conclusions

cineradiography

Cineradiography | Cineradiography

circuit-switching

Connectivity | Connectivity

citation form

Orthographic identity and phonetic | Orthographic identity and phonetic | Monitoring and validation | The CRIL conventions | Orthographic transcription as the | Broad phonetic or phonotypic | List of recommendations | Spoken language and written | Pronunciation information | Pronunciation information | Pronunciation information | Pronunciation information | Grapheme-phoneme conversion

Classification And Regression Trees

see CART

CLID

see CLuster IDentification (CLID) Test

clipping

Non-linear distortions | Recommendations on recording chain | Post-production parameters

clitics

The ToBI labelling system | Spoken language and written | Idiomatic information | Idiomatic information | Idiomatic information

closed response identification

Diagnostic Rhyme Test (DRT) | Modified Rhyme Test (MRT)

closed-set identification

Closed-set identification | False rejection rates | Example | Open-set identification | Recommendations | Recommendations

CLuster IDentification (CLID) Test

Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Recommendations on specific segmental | Relationships among tests | Relationships among tests | Relationships among tests | Predicting field performance from | Segmental quality testing | Conclusion: summary of test | Conclusion: summary of test | CLuster IDentification Test (CLID)

cluttering

see pathological speech, cluttering

co-hyponymy

Lexical properties and lexical | Lexical properties and lexical | Lexical properties and lexical | Lexical properties and lexical | Lexical properties and lexical

coarticulation

Canned speech | Phonetic research | Speech synthesis | Read aloud isolated words | Read aloud isolated sentences | Why does the trigram | Why does the trigram | 2. Precision of articulation | 2. Precision of articulation | Glass box vs. black | Recommendations on choice of

cognitive activity

Visible recordings

cohort

Speaker population size and

command system

vs. interactive dialogue system

Interactive dialogue systems compared | Interactive dialogue systems compared

command-and-control

Assessment parameters

common-password speaker recognition system

see speaker recognition system, common-password

communication chain

Introduction | Introduction | The communication chain | The communication chain

communication channel variables

see variables, communication channel

communication line

Technical set-up | Technical set-up | Technical set-up

communication means

Overall system characterisation

communication modalities

Overall system characterisation

compactness

Diagnostic Rhyme Test (DRT)

comparative testing

Why speech output assessment? | Glass box vs. black

competence (vs. performance)

General linguistic research | General linguistic research | Design by intuition | Design by intuition

compound

Read aloud isolated words | Morphologicalsyntactic, semantic and | Lexical databases and system | A simple sign model | A simple sign model | A simple sign model | Kinds of lexical unit | Kinds of lexical unit | Orthographic information | Pronunciation information | Prosodic information | Prosodic information | Types of morphological information | Applications of morphology | Applications of morphology | Applications of morphology | Applications of morphology | Applications of morphology | A simple database type: | Word stress | Word stress | Word stress | Word stress | Morphological decomposition

compression technique

Lexicon architecture and lexical

computer telephony integration

Computer telephony integration | Computer telephony integration | Recommendation: Requirement profiles

concept-to-speech (CTS)

Text-to-speech synthesis | What are speech output | What are speech output

condenser microphone

see microphone, condenser

confidence area

Speaker verification errors

confidence ranks

Confidence ranks | Confidence ranks | Example

Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)

Functional adequacy and user

confusion matrix

Application vocabulary\indexvocabulary!application and confusion | Application vocabulary and confusion | Application vocabulary and confusion | Speaker selection | Speaker identification error | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Confusions | Confusions | Diagnostic methods with a | Confusion matrices | Confusion matrices | Mistrust rates | Comments | Comments | Segmental tests at the | SAM Standard Segmental | SAM Standard Segmental | CLuster IDentification Test (CLID) | Knowledge databases

confusions

Branching factor (perplexity | Application vocabulary and confusion | Application vocabulary and confusion | Speaker identification error | Confusions | Confusions | Diagnostic methods with a | Segmental tests at the

cross-sex

Speaker population size and

same-sex

Speaker population size and

connected words/speech

Speaking mode | Speech modelling and syntactic | Response time | Menu-driven systems | Orthographic identity and phonetic | General linguistic research | Audiology | Speaker recognition/verification | Read aloud isolated phonemes | Read aloud isolated words | Geographical and sociolinguistic factors | Broad phonetic or phonotypic | Search: Finding the single | Classification of recognition systems | Classification of recognition systems | Classification of recognition systems | Classification of recognition systems | Isolated word scoring | Connected or continuous word | Connected or continuous word | Diagnostic methods with a | Assessment parameters | Assessment parameters | Assessment parameters | Technical set-up | Technical set-up | Addition of noise

consonant cluster

Speech corpora with few | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | CLuster IDentification Test (CLID)

constraints

language model

Stochastic language modelling | Extensions of the perplexity | Search: Finding the single

phonotactic

Extensions of the perplexity | Segmental tests at the | Segmental tests at the | CLuster IDentification Test (CLID)

pragmatic

Stochastic language modelling | Stochastic language modelling

semantic

Stochastic language modelling

syntactic

Stochastic language modelling

contemporaneous speech

Temporal drift | Temporal drift

context free

see grammar, context free

contextual appropriateness

A core set of | Contextual appropriateness | Contextual appropriateness | Transaction success

continuous speech

Assessment of recognition systems | Speaking mode | Speech recognition and application | Orthographic identity and phonetic | Isolated words vs. continuous | Isolated words vs. continuous | Corpora for speech recognition | Types of application for | Types of application for | Lexica in selected spoken | Lexica in selected spoken | Lexica in selected spoken | Basic features of a | Bayes decision rule | Sources of recognition errors | Search: Finding the single | Classification of recognition systems | Classification of recognition systems | Classification of recognition systems | Classification of recognition systems | Classification of recognition systems | Classification of recognition systems | Classification of recognition systems | Classification of recognition systems | Capability profile versus requirement | Connected or continuous word | Connected or continuous word | Assessment parameters | Assessment parameters | Experimental design of small | Experimental design of large | Training material | Scoring method | Scoring method | Functional laboratory tests | Specification and design | Knowledge databases | Overall system characterisation

vs. isolated words

Isolated words vs. continuous | Isolated words vs. continuous

controlled experiment

Second language acquisition | Factorial experiments and corpus | Non-parametric tests

cooperative speaker

see speaker, cooperative

cooperativeness

Recommendation: Requirement profiles

copyright

The different legal status | Language model

corpus perplexity

Goals of the chapter | Formal definition | Formal definition | Formal definition | Formal definition | Recommendations | Experimental results

correction rate

Assessment of interactive systems | A core set of | Correction rate | Correction rate

coverage

Basic lexicographic coverage criteria | Basic lexicographic coverage criteria | Basic lexicographic coverage criteria | Implications of the perplexity | Implications of the perplexity | Linear discounting and backing-off | Experimental results

bigram/trigram

Implications of the perplexity

vocabulary

Implications of the perplexity | Linear discounting and backing-off

CRIL (Computer Representation of Individual Languages)

Background | The CRIL conventions | The CRIL conventions | Orthographic identity and phonetic | Orthographic identity and phonetic

creaky voice

1. Laryngeal descriptors | 2. Miscellaneous descriptors

cross-language comparability

Methodology | Comparability across languages | Comparability across languages | Comparability across languages

cross-validation

Goals of the chapter | Problem formulation | Problem formulation | Linear discounting and backing-off | Experimental results | Experimental results

crosstalk

Speech quality and conditions

CTS

see concept-to-speech (CTS)

cut-through facility

Cut-through versus voice-stop (anticipation) to Cut-through versus voice-stop (anticipation) | System dimension configuration

CVC-words

Speech quality and conditions | Diagnostic methods with a | Diagnostic methods with a | Diagnostic methods with a | Diagnostic methods with a | Diagnostic methods with a | Diagnostic methods with a | Diagnostic methods with a | Assessment parameters | Assessment parameters