Index R

ram

Mistrust rates

random sampling

Factorial experiments and corpus | Speaker characteristics | Speaker characteristics | Sampling | Sampling | Biases | Estimating sample meansproportions | Estimating means | Experimental selection of material | Experimental selection of material

range effects

Classification | Classification | Classification

rank order

Experimental design | Segmental tests at the | Relationships among tests | Relationships among tests

Rapid prototyping

System simulation and prototyping

re-prompting

Recommendations on prompt design

read speach

Non-parametric tests

read speech

Spoken Language resources | Spoken Language corpus collection | Speaking fluency | Speech data collection | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Different production times for | Correcting errors in the | Different types of speech | Different types of speech | Read aloud isolated phonemes\indexphoneme\indexread | Read aloud isolated words | Read aloud isolated words | Read aloud isolated sentences | Read aloud isolated sentences | Read aloud text fragments | Read aloud text fragments | Spontaneous speech about a | Speech corpora with more | Male / female speakers | Geographical and sociolinguistic factors | Data collection dimensions | Visibility: open vs. secret | Interaction and control | Read speech recordings | Read speech recordings | Monitoring and validation | Introduction | Introduction | Introduction | The transcription of read | Transcription of dialogues | Levels and types of | Recording script | Abbreviations and spelled words | Orthographic transcription\indextranscription!orthographic of read | Orthographic transcription of read | The ToBI labelling system | The ToBI labelling system | Non-linguistic and other phenomena | Non-linguistic and other phenomena | Non-linguistic and other phenomena | List of recommendations | List of recommendations | Role of statistical analysis | Role of statistical analysis | Role of statistical analysis | Role of statistical analysis | Role of statistical analysis | Simple hypothesis testing | Simple hypothesis testing | Simple hypothesis testing | Simple hypothesis testing | Simple hypothesis testing | Simple hypothesis testing | Simple hypothesis testing | Simple hypothesis testing | Simple hypothesis testing | Non-parametric tests | Non-parametric tests | Non-parametric tests | Non-parametric tests | Experimental design | Speech quality and conditions | Speech quality and conditions | Capability profile versus requirement | Definitions | Judgment tests of prosody | Design by observation | Design by observation | Knowledge databases

omissions in

Non-linguistic and other phenomena

transcription of

The transcription of read | Transcription of dialogues

real-time

Speaker-adapted systems | Response time | Speech recordingstorage, and | Speech processing boards | Real-time aspects | Real-time aspects | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Data collection | Modelling of the auditory | Capability profile versus requirement | Experimental design of small | Technical set-up | On-site (local) applications | Examples of speaker verification | Recommendations

Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)

Progress | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System operating characteristic | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | System characteristic modelling | Example | Open-set identification | Open-set identification | Open-set identification | Open-set identification | Recommendations | Recommendations | Recommendations | Recommendations | Recommendations | Recommendations

recognition system

see speech recognition system

Recommendation G711

Speech recordingstorage, and

Recommendation G721

Speech recordingstorage, and

recording conditions

Speech quality and conditions

recording phase

About this chapter

post-recording

About this chapter

pre-recording

About this chapter | About this chapter

recording room

Recording environment | Recording environment | Recording rooms | 4. Anechoic chamber | Recommendations on the recording | Recommendations on the visual

recordings

multi-channel

Spoken Language corpus collection | Data collection dimensions | Read speech recordings | Multi-channel recording | Ultrasound imaging | Recording chain characteristics

random

Data collection dimensions | Interaction and control | Random recordings | Random recordings | Interview recordings | Interview recordings

surreptitious

Speaker recognition/verification | Spontaneous speech | Data collection dimensions | Data collection dimensions | Visibility: open vs. secret | Visibility: open vs. secret | Clandestine microphone recordings | Clandestine microphone recordings | Clandestine microphone recordings | Clandestine microphone recordings | Legal aspects | Legal aspects | Legal aspects | Legal aspects | Legal aspects | Legal aspects | Legal aspects | Legal aspects | Legal aspects | Legal aspects | Legal aspects | Talker / listener descriptors

visible

Data collection dimensions | Visibility: open vs. secret | Visibility: open vs. secret | Clandestine microphone recordings | Visible recordings | Recommendations

reduced word forms

Reduced word forms | Reduced word forms | List of recommendations

redundancy

Goals of the chapter | Stochastic language modelling | Implications of the perplexity

in the lexicon

Lexica in selected spoken | Lexicon models and lexical | A simple sign model | Pronunciation information | Lexicon architecture and lexical | Lexicon architecture and lexical

prosodic

Functional tests of prosody | Functional tests of prosody | Functional tests of prosody | Functional tests of prosody

situational

Laboratory vs. field

redundancy rules

Lexicon models and lexical | Lexicon architecture and lexical

reference conditions

Methodology | Reference conditions | Comparability across languages | Judgment tests of prosody | Judgment tests of prosody | Judgment tests of prosody

melodic

Recommendations on choice of | Recommendations on choice of

overall quality

Overall quality reference conditions | Recommendations on choice of

prosodic

Prosodic reference conditions | Prosodic reference conditions

segmental

Segmental reference conditions | Recommendations on choice of

temporal

Recommendations on choice of | Recommendations on choice of

voice characteristics

Voice characteristics reference conditions | Voice characteristics reference conditions

reference system

4. Various diffuse-field headphones | Assessment purpose versus methodology | Reference methods | Reference systems | Reference systems | Benchmarks

register

Geographical and sociolinguistic factors | Pragmatic information | Design by observation | Design by observation | Wizard variables

registered speaker

see speaker, registered

rejection

Non-speech sounds | Rejection mode | Rejection mode | Rejection mode | Rejection mode | Telephone interfaces | Error measure presentation | Speaker identification error | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Simple hypothesis testing | Progress | Speaker identification versus speaker | Speaker identification versus speaker | Definitions | Speaker population size and | Speaker purpose and other | False rejection rates | Expected benefit | Reference systems | On-site (local) applications | Examples of speaker verification

false

see false rejection

noise

see noise rejection

rejection capability

Rejection mode | Rejection mode | Rejection mode | Rejection mode | Telephone interfaces | Assessment parameters

rejection model

Rejection mode | Speaker identification error

related t test

Non-parametric tests | Non-parametric tests

relative unreliability

Relative unreliabilityvulnerability and | Relative unreliabilityvulnerability and

replica

Test material selection

representative database

Assessment purpose versus methodology | Assessment purpose versus methodology | Representative databases | Representative databases | Test material selection

reproducibility

Physical characterisation and description | Introduction | Specifications for speech corpora | Reproducibility assurance procedures | Recommendations on reproducibility | Speech quality and conditions | Assessment purpose versus methodology | Technical set-up | Fixed-vocabulary systems | Reference systems | Human calibration

requirement profile

Introduction | System capability profile versus | System capability profile versus | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Capability profile versus requirement | Capability profile versus requirement

RESAM

Software tools | Addition of noise

resistant speaker

see speaker, resistant

response modality

Test procedures | Test procedures | Test procedures | Test procedures | Test procedures | Test procedures | Test procedures | Recommendations on choice of | Recommendations on choice of

response time

Response time\indexresponse time | Response time | Response time | Response time | Response time | Response time | Response time | Interaction with an information | Real-time aspects | Real-time aspects | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Functional adequacy and user | Functional adequacy and user | Wizard variables | Wizard variables | Isolated word scoring | Wizard variables | Wizard variables | Wizard variables | Wizard variables | Wizard variables | Quantitative measures

reverberation

Microphone interfaces | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Recommendation: Requirement profiles | Recording in a studio | 2. Unidirectional microphones | Small room acoustics | Small room acoustics | 4. Anechoic chamber | Recommendations on microphones | 1. Equalising headphones | Subject conditioning | Phase distortions | Simulation of environmental factors | Speech quality and conditions | Post-production parameters | Predicting field performance from

rhythm

Functions of prosody

ROC

see Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)

root

The IPO approach | Lexical databases and system | A simple sign model | A simple sign model | Applications of morphology | Applications of morphology

RSG10

Spoken Language standards and | Addition of noise