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Danish

CONSONANTS

The plosives are p b t d k g:

SYMBOL WORD TRANSCRIPTION
p pande "pan@
b bande "ban@
t tand tan?
d dan dan?
k kalde "kal@
g galde "gal@

The fricatives are f s:

f finde "fen@
s stand sdan?

The approximants are v D j h:

v vinde "ven@
D bide "bi:D@
j Jul ju:?l
h hest hEsd

The nasals are m n N:

m mile "mi:l@
n ny ny?
N lunge "loN@

The liquids are l R:

l land lan?
R ride "Ri:D@

Stød is symbolised by ? and may be found in syllables containing a long stressed vowel, or a short stressed vowel, or a short stressed vowel followed by a voiced consonant, e.g. p{u: - pE:?u, peu: - pEu?

PURE VOWELS
The vowel system chosen for broad phonetic transcription is i e E a A y 2 9 u o O @, with all vowels except @ occurring with a length distinction: (i: e: E: {: A: y: 2: 9: u: o: O:).

The unrounded front vowels are exemplified in the following:

SYMBOL WORD TRANSCRIPTION
i: mile "mi:l@
i ville "vil@
e: mele "me:l@
e visse "ves@
E: mæle "mE:l@
E tække "tEk@
{: male "m{:l@
a malle "mal@

The central vowels are:

SYMBOL WORD TRANSCRIPTION
A: parken "pA:g=n
A pakken pAg=n
@ unstressed final e

The rounded front vowels are:

y: hyle "hy:l@
y hylde "hyl@
2: køle "k2:l@
2 kølle "k2l@
9: høne "h9:n@
9 hønse "h9ns@

The back vowels are:

u: kule "ku:l@
u kulde "kul@
o: fole "fo:l@
o foto "fodo
O: måne "mO:n@
O munde "mOn@
Q: kåre "kQ:@
Q kors kQs

DIPHTHONGS.
The falling diphthongs may be most economically analysed phonemically as vowel plus j, v, or r, but for broad phonetic representation within SAMPA they are analysed as vowel plus i, u or Q, for example:

SYMBOL WORD TRANSCRIPTION
Ai sejle "sAil@
Qi søjle "sQil@
ui huje "hui@ extremely rare
i:i pige "pi:i@
e:i ege "e:i@ conservative pronunciation
E:i læge "lE:i@
iu ivrig "iuRi
eu peber "peu@R
Eu evne "Eun@
i:u hive "hi:u
e:u leve "le:u
E:u hæve "hE:u
au havn hau?n
yu syv syu
2u døvstum "d2usdom
9u støvle "sd9ul@
iQ kirke "kiQk@
EQ bær bEQ
9Q smør sm9Q



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