CONSONANTS
The plosives are p b t d k g:
SYMBOL | WORD | TRANSCRIPTION | |
p | pande | "pan@ | |
b | bande | "ban@ | |
t | tand | tan? | |
d | dan | dan? | |
k | kalde | "kal@ | |
g | galde | "gal@ |
The fricatives are f s:
f | finde | "fen@ | |
s | stand | sdan? |
The approximants are v D j h:
v | vinde | "ven@ | |
D | bide | "bi:D@ | |
j | Jul | ju:?l | |
h | hest | hEsd |
The nasals are m n N:
m | mile | "mi:l@ | |
n | ny | ny? | |
N | lunge | "loN@ |
The liquids are l R:
l | land | lan? | |
R | ride | "Ri:D@ |
Stød is symbolised by ? and may be found in syllables containing
a long stressed vowel, or a short stressed vowel, or a short stressed
vowel followed by a voiced consonant, e.g. p{u: - pE:?u,
peu: - pEu?
PURE VOWELS
The vowel system chosen for broad phonetic transcription is i e E
a A y 2 9 u o O @, with all vowels except @ occurring with a length
distinction: (i: e: E: {: A: y: 2: 9: u: o: O:).
The unrounded front vowels are exemplified in the following:
SYMBOL | WORD | TRANSCRIPTION | |
i: | mile | "mi:l@ | |
i | ville | "vil@ | |
e: | mele | "me:l@ | |
e | visse | "ves@ | |
E: | mæle | "mE:l@ | |
E | tække | "tEk@ | |
{: | male | "m{:l@ | |
a | malle | "mal@ |
The central vowels are:
SYMBOL WORD TRANSCRIPTION
A: parken "pA:g=n
A pakken pAg=n
@ unstressed final e
The rounded front vowels are:
y: | hyle | "hy:l@ | |
y | hylde | "hyl@ | |
2: | køle | "k2:l@ | |
2 | kølle | "k2l@ | |
9: | høne | "h9:n@ | |
9 | hønse | "h9ns@ |
The back vowels are:
u: | kule | "ku:l@ | |
u | kulde | "kul@ | |
o: | fole | "fo:l@ | |
o | foto | "fodo | |
O: | måne | "mO:n@ | |
O | munde | "mOn@ | |
Q: | kåre | "kQ:@ | |
Q | kors | kQs |
DIPHTHONGS.
The falling diphthongs may be most economically analysed phonemically
as vowel plus j, v, or r, but for broad phonetic representation
within SAMPA they are analysed as vowel plus i, u or Q, for example:
SYMBOL | WORD | TRANSCRIPTION | |
Ai | sejle | "sAil@ | |
Qi | søjle | "sQil@ | |
ui | huje | "hui@ | extremely rare |
i:i | pige | "pi:i@ | |
e:i | ege | "e:i@ | conservative pronunciation |
E:i | læge | "lE:i@ | |
iu | ivrig | "iuRi | |
eu | peber | "peu@R | |
Eu | evne | "Eun@ | |
i:u | hive | "hi:u | |
e:u | leve | "le:u | |
E:u | hæve | "hE:u | |
au | havn | hau?n | |
yu | syv | syu | |
2u | døvstum | "d2usdom | |
9u | støvle | "sd9ul@ | |
iQ | kirke | "kiQk@ | |
EQ | bær | bEQ | |
9Q | smør | sm9Q |