The
typology of tonal systems in the Kinande complex verb
Ngessimo Mutaka
Rutgers University and
University of Yaounde 1.
The status of auxiliary
verbs in Bantu languages with a highly concatenative morphology has remained up
till now a conundrum for linguistic theory. It is not always clear whether the
auxiliary verb and the main verb form two maximal projections or a single
maximal projection in a syntactic tree structure. Despite the fact that the
structure of the simplex verb is relatively well understood, the unit called
INFL still poses problems, especially when the auxiliary is considered part of this INFL. This paper seeks to
provide a typology of tonal systems used in the auxiliary and in the INFL of
the complex verb in Kinande, a language of eastern DRC (former Zaire) in order
to provide a phonological argument that certain kinds of auxiliary should be
considered as part of a higher syntactic unit that encodes the tense. It is
shown that tonal processes that are assigned as suffixal tones in the simplex
(i.e. non complex) verb typically surface in the auxiliary. At the same time,
it is also shown that the auxiliary forms an intonational phrase that is
phonologically distinct from the main verb.