Crystal Structures of the Chemical Elements at 1 bar

Crystal Structures of the Chemical Elements at ambient conditions

H
0.090
 
He
0.1785
 
Li
0.534
 
Be
1.85
 
B
2.34
 
C
2.267
 
N
1.251
 
O
1.429
 
F
1.696
 
Ne
0.900
 
Na
0.971
 
Mg
1.738
 
Al
2.698
 
Si
2.330
 
P
2.36
 
S
2.067
 
Cl
3.214
 
Ar
1.784
 
K
0.862
 
Ca
1.54
 
Sc
2.989
 
Ti
4.549
 
V
6.11
 
Cr
7.15
 
Mn
7.44
 
Fe
7.874
 
Co
8.86
 
Ni
8.912
 
Cu
8.920
 
Zn
7.134
 
Ga
5.907
 
Ge
5.323
 
As
5.776
 
Se
4.809
 
Br
3.122
 
Kr
3.733
 
Rb
1.532
 
Sr
2.64
 
Y
4.469
 
Zr
6.506
 
Nb
8.570
 
Mo
10.22
 
Tc
11.50
 
Ru
12.37
 
Rh
12.41
 
Pd
12.02
 
Ag
10.50
 
Cd
8.69
 
In
7.310
 
Sn
7.287
 
Sb
6.685
 
Te
6.232
 
I
4.93
 
Xe
5.887
 
Cs
1.873
 
Ba
3.594
 
Lanthan-
oide
 
Hf
13.31
 
Ta
16.654
 
W
19.25
 
Re
21.02
 
Os
22.61
 
Ir
22.56
 
Pt
21.46
 
Au
19.282
 
Hg
13.534
 
Tl
11.85
 
Pb
11.342
 
Bi
9.807
 
Po
9.196
 
At
(8.23)
 
Rn
9.73
 
Fr
(2.61)
 
Ra
5.50
 
Actinoide
 
 
Rf
 
Db
 
Sg
 
Bh
 
Hs
 
Mt
 
Ds
 
Rg
 
Cn
 
Uut
 
Uuq
 
Uup
 
Uuh
 
Uus
 
Uuo
 

La
6.145
 
Ce
6.689
 
Pr
6.773
 
Nd
7.007
 
Pm
7.26
 
Sm
7.52
 
Eu
5.243
 
Gd
7.895
 
Tb
8.229
 
Dy
8.55
 
Ho
8.795
 
Er
9.066
 
Tm
9.321
 
Yb
6.965
 
Lu
9.84
 
Ac
10.07
 
Th
11.72
 
Pa
15.37
 
U
18.95
 
Np
20.45
 
Pu
19.84
 
Am
13.69
 
Cm
13.51
 
Bk
14.79
 
Cf
15.10
 
Es
 
Fm
 
Md
 
No
 
Lr
 

Legend:
gas / liquid bcc diamond fcc hcp dhcp hexagonal unusual
rhomboedric rhomboedric rhomboedric tetragonal orthorhombic orthorhombic orthorhombic unknown

The numerical value gives the density in kg/m3 for gases and in g/cm3 for solids and liquid elements.

Crystal Structures of the Chemical Elements at 1 bar

noelementallotropmeasuring temperaturelatticeparameterscrystal classSchönfliesHermann-Mauguinorbifoldspace groupdensitynotereference
20Ca ambientfcca=558.84cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m  1.5253
28Ni ambientfcca=352.40cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m  8.9082
29Cu ambientfcca=361.47cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m  8.9370
45Rh ambientfcca=380.34cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m12.4231
77Ir ambientfcca=383.92cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m22.562
46Pd ambientfcca=389.02cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m12.0065
78Pt ambientfcca=392.35cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m21.4534
13Al ambientfcca=404.95cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m  2.6988
79Au ambientfcca=407.83cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m19.2870
82Pb ambientfcca=495.02cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m11.3450
47Ag ambientfcca=408.57cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m10.5052
58Ce γ-Ceambientfcca=516.01cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m  6.7736
38Sr ambientfcca=608.49cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m  2.583
70Yb ambientfcca=549.0 cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m  6.946
96Cm β-Cmambientfcca=493.3 cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m13.73Cf-249
99Es ambientfcca=575 cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m  8.84Es-253
25Mnγ-Mn fcca=386.24cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m  6.333
90Thα-Th 298 fcca=508.42cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m11.727
94Puδ-Pu 593 fcca=463.71cubicOh54/m 3 2/m*432Fm3m15.924
50Sn α-tin
grey tin
300 diamonda=648.920cubicOh74/m 3 2/m*432Fd3m  5.7710
32Ge 300 diamonda=565.791cubicOh74/m 3 2/m*432Fd3m  5.327 amu=72.63
14Si 300 diamonda=543.095cubicOh74/m 3 2/m*432Fd3m  2.3291
6C diamond 300 diamonda=356.683cubicOh74/m 3 2/m*432Fd3m  3.5161
3Li ambientbcca=350.93cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  0.5334
26Fe ambientbcca=286.64cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  7.8750
24Cr ambientbcca=288.46cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  7.1944
23V 298 bcca=302.31cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  6.1234
42Mo ambientbcca=314.69cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m10.224
74W ambientbcca=316.50cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m19.257
41Nb ambientbcca=330.04cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  8.5827
73Ta ambientbcca=330.26cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m16.6826
11Na ambientbcca=429.06cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  0.9666
63Eu ambientbcca=458.1 cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  5.250
56Ba ambientbcca=501.9 cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  3.607
19K ambientbcca=532.8 cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  0.8585
37Rb ambientbcca=570.50cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  1.5287
55Cs ambientbcca=614.1 cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  1.906dubious a?
88Ra ambientbcca=514.8 cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  5.502Ra-226
25Mnδ-Mn bcca=308.10cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m  6.238
90Thβ-Th1723bcca=411 cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m11.10
92Uγ-U bcca=352.4 cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m18.06
93Npγ-Np873bcca=351.8 cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m18.08Np-237
94Puε-Pu 763 bcca=363.61cubicOh94/m 3 2/m*432Im3m16.514
25Mnβ-Mnambientbcca=631.45#=20cubicO74 3 2432P4132  7.247
25Mnα-Mnambientbcca=891.39#=58cubicTd34 3 m*332I43m  7.473
15P α-white P 243 bcca=1851#=58*4cubicTd34 3 m*332I43m  1.8815
84Po α-Poambientsimple cubica=335.9 cubicOh14/m 3 2/m*432Pm3m  9.156 Po-209
48Cd ambienthcp*a=297.88c=561.67#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  8.6495ξ=+0.1547
symmetry distorted
30Zn ambienthcp*a=266.49c=494.68#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  7.137 ξ=+0.1367
symmetry distorted
12Mg ambienthcpa=320.94c=521.05#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  1.7367ξ=-0.0058
27Co ambienthcpa=250.71c=406.95#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  8.8354ξ=-0.0060
75Re ambienthcpa=276.0 c=445.8 #=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc21.03 ξ=-0.0109
43Tc ambienthcpa=273.5 c=438.8 #=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc11.43 ξ=-0.0175
Tc-98
81Tl ambienthcpa=345.66c=552.48#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc11.8735ξ=-0.0212
21Sc ambienthcpa=330.9 c=527.33#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  2.986 ξ=-0.0241
40Zr ambienthcpa=323.2 c=514.7 #=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  6.507 ξ=-0.0248
64Gd ambienthcpa=363.6 c=578.26#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  7.888 ξ=-0.0261
22Ti ambienthcpa=295.03c=468.31#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  4.5032ξ=-0.0280
dubious a,c?
71Lu ambienthcpa=350.31c=555.09#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  9.8500ξ=-0.0297
44Ru ambienthcpa=270.55c=428.16#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc12.367 ξ=-0.0309
65Tb ambienthcpa=360.1 c=569.36#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  8.255 ξ=-0.0318
72Hf ambienthcpa=319.64c=505.11#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc13.2634ξ=-0.0323
76Os ambienthcpa=273.43c=432.00#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc22.587 ξ=-0.0325
66Dy ambienthcpa=359.3 c=565.37#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  8.538 ξ=-0.0364
39Y ambienthcpa=364.74c=573.06#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  4.4721ξ=-0.0379
69Tm ambienthcpa=353.75c=555.46#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  9.3201ξ=-0.0384
68Er ambienthcpa=355.88c=558.74#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  9.0640ξ=-0.0386
67Ho ambienthcpa=357.73c=561.58#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  8.8009ξ=-0.0387
4Be ambienthcpa=228.56c=358.32#=2hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  1.8463ξ=-0.0400
57La α-Laambientdhcpa=377.2 c=1214.4#=4hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  6.166ξ=-0.0142
59Pr α-Prambientdhcpa=367.21c=1183.26#=4hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  6.773ξ=-0.0134
60Nd α-Ndambientdhcpa=365.82c=1179.66#=4hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  7.008ξ=-0.0126
61Pm α-Pmambientdhcpa=365 c=1165 #=4hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  7.16 ξ=-0.0227
Pm-145
58Ce β-Ceambientdhcpa=368.1 c=1185.7 #=4hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  6.689ξ=-0.0137
95Am α-Am dhcpa=346.81c=1124.1 #=4hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc13.675ξ=-0.0075
Am-241
96Cm α-Cmambientdhcpa=348.6 c=1129.7 #=4hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc13.86ξ=-0.0076
Cm-248
97Bk α-Bk dhcpa=341.6 c=1106.9 #=4hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc14.79ξ=-0.0079
Bk-249
98Cf α-Cf dhcpa=339.0 c=1101.5 #=4hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc15.09ξ=-0.0051
Cf-249
6C grahiteambienthexagonala=246.12 c=670.79#=4hexagonalD6h46/m 2/m 2/m*622P63mmc  2.2670
62Sm α-Smambienttrigonal cpa=362.1c=2625#=9trigonalD3d53 2/m2*3R3m  7.539
80Hgα-Hg233rhomboedrica=300.9α=β=γ=70.55#=1trigonalD3d53 2/m2*3R3m14.118
5Bα-Bambientrhomboedrica=505.66α=β=γ=58.046#=12trigonalD3d53 2/m2*3R3m  2.467
5Bβ-Bambientrhomboedrica=1014α=β=γ=65.2#=320/3trigonalD3d53 2/m2*3R3m  2.341
33Asα-As
grey As
ambientrhomboedrica=413.18α=β=γ=54.166#=2trigonalD3d53 2/m2*3R3m  5.775
51Sb ambientrhomboedrica=449.92α=β=γ=57.214#=2trigonalD3d53 2/m2*3R3m  6.7097
83Bi ambientrhomboedrica=474.70α=β=γ=57.27#=2trigonalD3d53 2/m2*3R3m  9.792
34Segrey Seambientrhomboedrica=301.33α=β=γ=92.842#=1trigonalD343 2322P3121  4.8102
52Te ambientrhomboedrica=324.47α=β=γ=86.761#=1trigonalD343 2322P3121  6.2315
49In ambientfcta=325.17c=494.59 #=2tetragonalD4h174/m 2/m 2/m*422I4/mmm  7.2912c/a=1.521
dubious?
91Pa α-Paambientbcta=392.5 c=323.8 #=2tetragonalD4h174/m 2/m 2/m*422I4/mmm15.38c/a=0.825
Pa-231
94Pu δ'-Pu 738 bcta=334 c=444 #=2tetragonalD4h174/m 2/m 2/m*422I4/mmm16.03c/a=1.33
Pu-239
50Sn β-tin
white tin
ambientfcta=583.1 c=318.1 #=4tetragonalD4h194/m 2/m 2/m*422I41/amd  7.290 c/a=0.546
92Uβ-U 993  a=565.6 c=1075.9 #=15tetragonalD4h144/m*422P42/mnm17.23c/a=1.902
93Npβ-Np 586  a=489.7 c=338.8 #=4tetragonalC43444P4219.38c/a=0.692
Np-237
15P black Pambientbase c-orthoa=331.36 b=1047.8c=437.63#=8orthorhombicD2h182/m 2/m 2/m*222Cmca  2.7079
31Ga α-Gaambientbase c-orthoa=452.58 b=451.86c=765.70#=8orthorhombicD2h182/m 2/m 2/m*222Cmca  5.915
53J ambientbase c-orthoa=726.97 b=479.03c=979.42#=8orthorhombicD2h182/m 2/m 2/m*222Cmca  4.9427
35Br frozenbase c-ortho #=8orthorhombicD2h182/m 2/m 2/m*222Cmca  
17Cl frozenbase c-ortho #=8orthorhombicD2h182/m 2/m 2/m*222Cmca  
92Uα-Uambient c-orthoa=285.4 b=587 c=495.5 #=4orthorhombicD2h172/m 2/m 2/m*222Cmcm19.05
93Npα-Npambient c-orthoa=666.3 b=472.3 c=488.7 #=8orthorhombicD2h16mmm*222Pnma20.48Np-237
16S α-Sambientfc-orthoa=1046.5b=1286.6 c=2448.6#=4*8orthorhombicD2h242/m 2/m 2/m*222Fddd  2.0672
94Puγ-Pu508fc-orthoa=315.9 b=576.8 c=1016.2#=8orthorhombicD2h242/m 2/m 2/m*222Fddd17.15Pu-239
15P γ-white P123 a=917.09b=833.85c=543.36
γ=90.311
#=4*4monoclinicC2h32/m2*C 2/m  1.9805
15P red Pambientmonoa=921b=915
β=106.1
c=2260#=84monoclinicC2h42/m2*P21/c  2.361
94Puα-Pu294 monoa=618.3 b=482.2
β=101.79
c=1096.3#=16monoclinicC2h22/m2*P21/m19.85Pu-239
94Puβ-Pu463 bc-monoa=928.4 b=1046.3
β=93.13
c=785.9#=34monoclinicC2h32/m2*C2/m17.71Pu-239
16Sβ-S
monoclinic S
376 monoa=1090 b=1096
β=93.27
c=1192#=6*8monoclinicC2h52/m2*P21/c  1.807
15P β-white P 88 a=547.88
α=94.285
b=1078.62
β=99.653
c=1096.16
γ=100.680
#=6*4triclinicCi11xP1  1.9788

ξ = c/(2a √8/√3)-1

References

Achim Flammenkamp
Last update: 2012-02-11 12:00:00 UTC+1